IUPAC name for Quercetin.

May also be written as 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

See Quercetin.

A flavonoid found in a variety of foods, such as buckwheat, apples, citrus fruits and tea.  Quercetin is an antioxidant, and may have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity.  Quercetin is sometimes added to bodybuilding supplements, as it may inhibit certain enzymes responsible for metabolizing testosterone and other drugs/nutraceuticals (cytochrome P-450).

Chemical name(s): 3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone; 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chromen-4-one

See Big Catuaba.

A tree (Trichilia catigua) used in Brazilian folk medicine as an aphrodisiac.  Catuaba is part of the traditional tonic “Catuama” (which also contains guarana, muira puama and ginger), as well as used on its own.  In addition to its alleged effects on libido, experimental evidence suggests it may act as an antidepressant and adaptogen.

Botanical name for the common grape vine; often applied to grape seed/grape seed extract.

May be misspelled “Vitus vinifera.”

Grape seeds are rich sources of antioxidant phytochemicals, including resveratrol and procyanidins (also known as oligomeric proanthocyanidins, or OPCs).  Although it’s been studied more intensively in in-vitro and animal models, experimental evidence suggests grape seed extract could have beneficial effects on LDL cholesterol and high blood pressure.   It may also have anti-tumor activity, as well as therapeutic benefits in Alzheimer’s disease.

May also be known by its botanical name, Vitis vinifera.

For more information, see “Grape Seed Extract Benefits and Information.”

The botanical name for raspberry. Raspberries are a source of antioxidant phytochemicals, including ellagitannins (esp. ellagic acid), anthocyanins and Vitamin C. Raspberries are also a source of raspberry ketone, a food additive and fat loss supplement ingredient.

See Raspberry Ketone.

See Raspberry Ketone.